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THE INFLUENCE OF PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD HIV TRANSMISSION CAMPAIGNS ON KNOWLEDE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES AMONG WOMEN IN SOUTHEAST NIGERIA
The scourge of HIV/AIDS has, no doubt, continued to ravage virtually all parts of the world. According to statistics, 34 million people are estimated to be living with HIV worldwide; 16.7 million of these are women and 3.4 million are children younger than 15 years of age. In 2011, a total of 2.5 million people were newly infected with HIV globally; an estimation of 330 thousand of these new infections are children under 15 years of age. Also in 2011, the world recorded 1.7 million deaths orchestrated by AIDS of which 230 thousand children under 15 years of age were involved (UNAIDS, 2012).
NIGERIAN NEWSPAPER COVERAGE OF RURAL HEALTH CARE DELIVERY: AN ANALYSIS OF SOME SELECTED NATIONAL DAILIES
This thesis examines Nigerian Newspaper coverage of rural health care delivery. Using content analysis, the issue of concern was investigated by the researcher. This study was restricted to a one- year period (August 2011-July 2012) with sample size of 468 editions of three national dailies (The Guardian, Daily Sun and Daily Trust). Data obtained were analysed using simple percentages and tables. Summary of the results showed that rural health care delivery issues did not receive considerable attention in the print media; that the press do not allot considerable space to the issues on rural health care delivery; that the dominant story type were straight news report, among other findings. The researcher recommends among others, that the press should be carrying out their watchdog role of reporting the plight of the rural populace, as this will bring that to the notice of the government and consequently call for necessary actions from the government. This thesis examines Nigerian Newspaper coverage of rural health care delivery. Using content analysis, the issue of concern was investigated by the researcher. This study was restricted to a one- year period (August 2011-July 2012) with sample size of 468 editions of three national dailies (The Guardian, Daily Sun and Daily Trust). Data obtained were analysed using simple percentages and tables. Summary of the results showed that rural health care delivery issues did not receive considerable attention in the print media; that the press do not allot considerable space to the issues on rural health care delivery; that the dominant story type were straight news report, among other findings. The researcher recommends among others, that the press should be carrying out their watchdog role of reporting the plight of the rural populace, as this will bring that to the notice of the government and consequently call for necessary actions from the government.
AN EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF ORGANIZATIONA COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES ON POWER HOLDING COMPANY OF NIGERIA, ENUGU ZONAL OFFICE.
This work evaluated the efficiency of organizational communication strategies on Power Holding Company of Nigeria, Enugu zonal office. It was anchored on the word of month and agenda-setting theory. The population of the study was drawn from power holding company of Nigeria, Enugu zonal office, using explanatory mixed method (survey and interview methods). From the PHCN Enugu zonal office, a sample size of 298 respondents was selected. Questionnaire and interview
served as the instrument for data collection. From the data collected and analyzed, it was revealed that organizational communication strategies has influence productive level of the staff of PHCH negatively, such as promoting team work, reducing grape-vine, and promoting organizational growth. Poor personal relations between superior and subordinates, poor designed of organizational structure, manager’s poor communication skill and lack of efficiency, organizational structure should be designed in such a way that guarantee free flow of communication and selecting appropriate communication patter and vehicle should be prioritized for effective understanding of managers and staff within and outside organizations.
This work evaluated the efficiency of organizational communication strategies on Power Holding Company of Nigeria, Enugu zonal office. It was anchored on the word of month and agenda-setting theory. The population of the study was drawn from power holding company of Nigeria, Enugu zonal office, using explanatory mixed method (survey and interview methods). From the PHCN Enugu zonal office, a sample size of 298 respondents was selected. Questionnaire and interview
served as the instrument for data collection. From the data collected and analyzed, it was revealed that organizational communication strategies has influence productive level of the staff of PHCH negatively, such as promoting team work, reducing grape-vine, and promoting organizational growth. Poor personal relations between superior and subordinates, poor designed of organizational structure, manager’s poor communication skill and lack of efficiency, organizational structure should be designed in such a way that guarantee free flow of communication and selecting appropriate communication patter and vehicle should be prioritized for effective understanding of managers and staff within and outside organizations.
EFFECTIVENESS OF WEB LINKS USED IN TELEVISION COMMERCIALS IN INFLUENCING PRODUCT PATRONAGE
This research set out to find out the effectiveness of web links used in television commercials. The primary aim is to find out if it has helped to provide audience additional information, thereby stimulating patronage of advertised goods. Through the use of survey, the study sought to ascertain from broadcast audiences living in three major cities in Abuja, Lagos and Delta states of Nigeria if they actually follow the links and more so, if what they find on the webpages influences them to make eventual purchase. Multistage sampling was employed to select adult members of the population who have purchasing power. The findings of the study revealed that majority of television audience do not follow web links used in television commercials due to factors such as low exposure to commercial messages and poor access to internet. However, without the additional information provided through the internet, that is, via the web links, many of the audience will patronise the product being advertised. It is therefore recommended that emphasis should be made in strengthening the contents of television commercial messages and those last seconds used in the display of web links can be effectively utilised to display additional product information. Also, for now, investment should be reduced in financing webpages aimed at providing additional product information in anticipation of visit from television audience pending increased exposure to television commercials and access to internet in the country.This research set out to find out the effectiveness of web links used in television commercials. The primary aim is to find out if it has helped to provide audience additional information, thereby stimulating patronage of advertised goods. Through the use of survey, the study sought to ascertain from broadcast audiences living in three major cities in Abuja, Lagos and Delta states of Nigeria if they actually follow the links and more so, if what they find on the webpages influences them to make eventual purchase. Multistage sampling was employed to select adult members of the population who have purchasing power. The findings of the study revealed that majority of television audience do not follow web links used in television commercials due to factors such as low exposure to commercial messages and poor access to internet. However, without the additional information provided through the internet, that is, via the web links, many of the audience will patronise the product being advertised. It is therefore recommended that emphasis should be made in strengthening the contents of television commercial messages and those last seconds used in the display of web links can be effectively utilised to display additional product information. Also, for now, investment should be reduced in financing webpages aimed at providing additional product information in anticipation of visit from television audience pending increased exposure to television commercials and access to internet in the country.
THE STUDY OF WEST AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RELIGION IN TIMEPERSPECTIVE
THE STUDY OF WEST AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RELIGION IN TIME PERSPECTIVE
THE INFLUENCE OF PROSTATE CANCER AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS ON THE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES OF MEN IN SOUTH-EASTERN NIGERIA
This study was designed to investigate the influence of Prostate cancer awareness campaigns on the knowledge, attitude and practices of men in South-Eastern Nigeria. The study used survey research design through the instrumentality of questionnaire (twenty-eight items questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection). The population of the study is 8,184,951 adult males in South-Eastern Nigeria. Five research questions guided the study. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The result of the data analyzed revealed that the awareness and knowledge level on prostate cancer is relatively low among the men in South-Eastern Nigeria. Also, most information on prostate cancer were made known to the respondents by medical practitioners, however, those respondents that are exposed to the campaigns agreed that the campaigns have influenced their behavior positively. The study recommended that awareness campaigns should be well structured to sufficiently address the nonchalant attitudes of men in South-Eastern Nigeria. Also, campaign planners should lower the age for screening, so that early detection and prevention can be made before it becomes too late. This study was designed to investigate the influence of Prostate cancer awareness campaigns on the knowledge, attitude and practices of men in South-Eastern Nigeria. The study used survey research design through the instrumentality of questionnaire (twenty-eight items questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection). The population of the study is 8,184,951 adult males in South-Eastern Nigeria. Five research questions guided the study. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The result of the data analyzed revealed that the awareness and knowledge level on prostate cancer is relatively low among the men in South-Eastern Nigeria. Also, most information on prostate cancer were made known to the respondents by medical practitioners, however, those respondents that are exposed to the campaigns agreed that the campaigns have influenced their behavior positively. The study recommended that awareness campaigns should be well structured to sufficiently address the nonchalant attitudes of men in South-Eastern Nigeria. Also, campaign planners should lower the age for screening, so that early detection and prevention can be made before it becomes too late.
THE GROWTH OF ART EDUCATION IN BENUE STATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Fundamentally, art is self expression through visual factors arranged to satisfy the needs of a person. It is a procedure of technique and design for the conveyance of attitudes, ideas or personalised feelings in visual form. From various considerations on the subject, art is a human endeavour which requires skills. However, art as important as enumerated above had its share of problem of growth in Benue State Secondary Schools. The major problems are lack of adequate manpower, materials, poor funding and the general negative attitude of some cultures and even government towards the subject. Furthermore, materials and infrastructure to gainfully involve those in the education sector of art in most cases are lacking. This research is poised to determine the growth of art education in Benue State Secondary Schools and the extent to which it has achieved the objective of equipping students to live effectively in this modern age of science and technology. The research design used for this study was survey method. The study was conducted in Benue State, using 500 selected art professionals, drawn randomly from among the art teachers in Benue State Secondary Schools, Staff of Benue State Art Council, Benue State Ministry of Education Staff, Staff of National Gallery of Art in Benue State and other private art professionals in Benue State. These people were the source of the data collected and used for this study; they thus formed the sample size. One questionnaire instrument as well as one model question guide for personal interview were developed, validated and used for data collection. The instrument (questionnaire) was administered on the sample subjects and their responses collected. The percentage recovery of the questionnaire on the subject was 87%. The researcher also personally interviewed some 50 other art professionals who responded variously. After a careful collation and analysis of the data using simple percentage to provide answers to the research questions, the rate of the development and the growth of art in Benue State Secondary Schools was traced and determined. The result of the study indicates that there is a significant growth in the teaching and learning of art education in Benue State Secondary Schools. It is further clear from the study that teachers who use appropriate art materials for instruction have their students’ attention, perform better than teachers who do not use appropriate art material in the classroom. From teachers’ responses, most of those who use art materials in teaching had a sense of relief and job satisfaction. Where art materials are lacking, teachers became exhausted from talking in attempt to explain certain art concepts to students. Teachers who do not use appropriate art materials in the classes find teaching a herculean task; this affects the assimilation process of the students. It is discovered that the lack of art materials lead to waste of quality time and energy, the outcome is discovered to affect learning and teaching of the subject negatively thus impeding on the growth and development of art education in Benue State Secondary Schools.
Fundamentally, art is self expression through visual factors arranged to satisfy the needs of a person. It is a procedure of technique and design for the conveyance of attitudes, ideas or personalised feelings in visual form. From various considerations on the subject, art is a human endeavour which requires skills. However, art as important as enumerated above had its share of problem of growth in Benue State Secondary Schools. The major problems are lack of adequate manpower, materials, poor funding and the general negative attitude of some cultures and even government towards the subject. Furthermore, materials and infrastructure to gainfully involve those in the education sector of art in most cases are lacking. This research is poised to determine the growth of art education in Benue State Secondary Schools and the extent to which it has achieved the objective of equipping students to live effectively in this modern age of science and technology. The research design used for this study was survey method. The study was conducted in Benue State, using 500 selected art professionals, drawn randomly from among the art teachers in Benue State Secondary Schools, Staff of Benue State Art Council, Benue State Ministry of Education Staff, Staff of National Gallery of Art in Benue State and other private art professionals in Benue State. These people were the source of the data collected and used for this study; they thus formed the sample size. One questionnaire instrument as well as one model question guide for personal interview were developed, validated and used for data collection. The instrument (questionnaire) was administered on the sample subjects and their responses collected. The percentage recovery of the questionnaire on the subject was 87%. The researcher also personally interviewed some 50 other art professionals who responded variously. After a careful collation and analysis of the data using simple percentage to provide answers to the research questions, the rate of the development and the growth of art in Benue State Secondary Schools was traced and determined. The result of the study indicates that there is a significant growth in the teaching and learning of art education in Benue State Secondary Schools. It is further clear from the study that teachers who use appropriate art materials for instruction have their students’ attention, perform better than teachers who do not use appropriate art material in the classroom. From teachers’ responses, most of those who use art materials in teaching had a sense of relief and job satisfaction. Where art materials are lacking, teachers became exhausted from talking in attempt to explain certain art concepts to students. Teachers who do not use appropriate art materials in the classes find teaching a herculean task; this affects the assimilation process of the students. It is discovered that the lack of art materials lead to waste of quality time and energy, the outcome is discovered to affect learning and teaching of the subject negatively thus impeding on the growth and development of art education in Benue State Secondary Schools.
Christianity and Conflict Resolution in the Niger Delta: The Ogoni Case (1993-2007)
Christianity and Conflict Resolution in the Niger
Delta: The Ogoni Case (1993-2007)
AN ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF THE USE OF CELEBRITIES IN BILLBOARD ADVERTISING IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA
This work was aimed to discover Public Perception of the use of celebrities in Billboard Advertising in Southern Nigeria. In pursuit of the objectives of the study, four research questions were formulated as a guide to this study. However, descriptive survey method was used for the study. Both questionnaire and interview were used to collect primary data from respondents. The survey was specifically carried in various aras of our country such as South East State, South South States And South West states with their respective populations.This work was aimed to discover Public Perception of the use of celebrities in Billboard Advertising in Southern Nigeria. In pursuit of the objectives of the study, four research questions were formulated as a guide to this study. However, descriptive survey method was used for the study. Both questionnaire and interview were used to collect primary data from respondents. The survey was specifically carried in various aras of our country such as South East State, South South States And South West states with their respective populations.
AN EVALUATION OF THE USE OF INTERACTIVE RADIO INSTRUCTION STRATEGY IN EDUCATING NOMADIC CHILDREN IN NORTHERN NIGERIA.
It is unarguably a fact that the provision of basic education for all citizens, especially children, remains a sacred responsibility of governments the world over. In Africa for instance, it is estimated that about 67.16 million school age children are not in school because of their inability to access it. In Nigeria, of the 30 million school-aged children, 10 million are currently not enrolled in school; of those currently in primary school, less than one third will enrol in junior secondary, with even fewer reaching senior secondary school. Of this population, nomadic children account for over 10 percent. The implication of this is that over 90 percent of nomadic school-age children were not in school before 2009. This was because of their nomadic nature and the neglect of successive governments. After the establishment of National Commission of Nomadic Education in 1989, the Commission came up with a number of strategies to educate the nomads who were before now excluded from the normal school system because they could not fit in. Subsequently, in 2009, the National Commission for Nomadic Education (NCNE) developed the Interactive Radio Instruction (IRI) strategy to educate nomadic children who could not cope in the conventional school system. Four years after the strategy was developed and used in six states, how far has it gone in raising the knowledge level of nomadic children in Nigeria? Using triangulation mixed method design, 397 nomadic pupils were studied in 15 nomadic primary schools in Kaduna, Adamawa and Plateau states in northern Nigeria. The qualitative and quantitative data generated using questionnaire, interview and observation revealed that: nomadic children participate actively in the IRI programme and as such their knowledge level has increased tremendously. However, the study revealed that the use of English in IRI programme, the religion of the nomads and the quest to attend to their flock are the major problems of the programme. Based on these findings, it was recommended among other things that the producers of IRI programme should play down on their excessive use of grammar in the programme to make it easier for the pupils to understand. Government should also provide more funding to enable the Commission to recruit more staff and develop grazing reserves to reduce constant movements of these nomads.It is unarguably a fact that the provision of basic education for all citizens, especially children, remains a sacred responsibility of governments the world over. In Africa for instance, it is estimated that about 67.16 million school age children are not in school because of their inability to access it. In Nigeria, of the 30 million school-aged children, 10 million are currently not enrolled in school; of those currently in primary school, less than one third will enrol in junior secondary, with even fewer reaching senior secondary school. Of this population, nomadic children account for over 10 percent. The implication of this is that over 90 percent of nomadic school-age children were not in school before 2009. This was because of their nomadic nature and the neglect of successive governments. After the establishment of National Commission of Nomadic Education in 1989, the Commission came up with a number of strategies to educate the nomads who were before now excluded from the normal school system because they could not fit in. Subsequently, in 2009, the National Commission for Nomadic Education (NCNE) developed the Interactive Radio Instruction (IRI) strategy to educate nomadic children who could not cope in the conventional school system. Four years after the strategy was developed and used in six states, how far has it gone in raising the knowledge level of nomadic children in Nigeria? Using triangulation mixed method design, 397 nomadic pupils were studied in 15 nomadic primary schools in Kaduna, Adamawa and Plateau states in northern Nigeria. The qualitative and quantitative data generated using questionnaire, interview and observation revealed that: nomadic children participate actively in the IRI programme and as such their knowledge level has increased tremendously. However, the study revealed that the use of English in IRI programme, the religion of the nomads and the quest to attend to their flock are the major problems of the programme. Based on these findings, it was recommended among other things that the producers of IRI programme should play down on their excessive use of grammar in the programme to make it easier for the pupils to understand. Government should also provide more funding to enable the Commission to recruit more staff and develop grazing reserves to reduce constant movements of these nomads.
AN EVALUATION OF GLO SPONSORSHIP OF NIGERIA PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE
This study evaluates the event sponsorship of the Glo Nigeria Professional Football League. The study was based on the event management operations model. Using a survey research design, the study sampled 396 respondents from a population of over sixteen million residents of southeast Nigeria. The Australian Calculator of the National Statistical Service of Australia was employed to obtain the sample size. The questionnaire was used as the research instrument together with a structured interview schedule. Using simple percentages and frequency distribution tables in analyzing data, findings revealed that most respondents (75%) are aware of Glo’s sponsorship of the Nigerian Professional Football League. Most respondents (89%) stated without equivocations that Glo’s sponsorship of the Nigerian local football league helps in marketing their services and products which they equally claimed is beneficial to the company. Majority of the respondents (63%) also stated that Glo’s sponsorship of the league has increased their interest in the local football league in Nigeria. The study recommends increased funding for events sponsorship by corporate organizations. It also recommends that incentives should be given by governments at all levels in Nigeria to business concerns who provide sponsorship for events or programmes that contribute to societal development.This study evaluates the event sponsorship of the Glo Nigeria Professional Football League. The study was based on the event management operations model. Using a survey research design, the study sampled 396 respondents from a population of over sixteen million residents of southeast Nigeria. The Australian Calculator of the National Statistical Service of Australia was employed to obtain the sample size. The questionnaire was used as the research instrument together with a structured interview schedule. Using simple percentages and frequency distribution tables in analyzing data, findings revealed that most respondents (75%) are aware of Glo’s sponsorship of the Nigerian Professional Football League. Most respondents (89%) stated without equivocations that Glo’s sponsorship of the Nigerian local football league helps in marketing their services and products which they equally claimed is beneficial to the company. Majority of the respondents (63%) also stated that Glo’s sponsorship of the league has increased their interest in the local football league in Nigeria. The study recommends increased funding for events sponsorship by corporate organizations. It also recommends that incentives should be given by governments at all levels in Nigeria to business concerns who provide sponsorship for events or programmes that contribute to societal development.
CHALLENGES OF COMMUNICATING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN RURAL COMMUNITIES IN NIGER STATE
The core of the Nigeria’s health policy is the primary health care. This is because it focuses more on health needs of the rural populace. An attempt has been made in this study to investigate the challenges of communicating Primary Health Care programme in rural communities in Niger State. Three local government areas were selected for this study. They include, Lapai, Suleja and Kotangora respectively. Both questionnaire and in-depth interview were used for response analyses. The study found out that, for the potential rural dwellers to be enhanced with the knowledge and information of Primary Health Care Services in the rural communities, both modern and traditional means of communication must work as a team, taking in to cognizance the unique socio-cultural context in which health actions are taken. Community should be involved in the critical stages of project planning, evaluation and decision making processes. To this end, the researcher recommends that both government and health providers should make adequate provision for environmental health and health education to improve the condition of health of the rural communities to attain the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of 2015 and beyond. The core of the Nigeria’s health policy is the primary health care. This is because it focuses more on health needs of the rural populace. An attempt has been made in this study to investigate the challenges of communicating Primary Health Care programme in rural communities in Niger State. Three local government areas were selected for this study. They include, Lapai, Suleja and Kotangora respectively. Both questionnaire and in-depth interview were used for response analyses. The study found out that, for the potential rural dwellers to be enhanced with the knowledge and information of Primary Health Care Services in the rural communities, both modern and traditional means of communication must work as a team, taking in to cognizance the unique socio-cultural context in which health actions are taken. Community should be involved in the critical stages of project planning, evaluation and decision making processes. To this end, the researcher recommends that both government and health providers should make adequate provision for environmental health and health education to improve the condition of health of the rural communities to attain the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of 2015 and beyond.
ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF MASS MEDIA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NIGER DELTA REGION OF NIGERIA
Over the years, the oil-producing areas of the Niger Delta have been engulfed in series of crises which is a major challenge to the development of the region. Efforts have been made to restore peace and engender development by various administrations at different times. Unfortunately, such efforts do not always go deep in pacifying or completely eliminating hostilities in the region, as such, development of the region has remained, at most, seriously glowed down. It is against this backdrop that this study undertakes an analysis of the performance of the mass media in the development of the Niger Delta region. Employing the survey research method, the researcher generated data using the questionnaire and in-depth interview. The study found among other things that, mass media agencies are mostly located in the cities where majority of the people who are rural dwellers cannot have access to; participate and contribute to development issues through the media. On the other hand, the mass media in the region are constrained in their performance by a wide range of factors, one of which is multi-lingual differences. In view of this, the researcher recommended among other things that, the mass media in the Niger Delta region should be more thorough, pragmatic and development-oriented in their programmes and coverage around the region. Over the years, the oil-producing areas of the Niger Delta have been engulfed in series of crises which is a major challenge to the development of the region. Efforts have been made to restore peace and engender development by various administrations at different times. Unfortunately, such efforts do not always go deep in pacifying or completely eliminating hostilities in the region, as such, development of the region has remained, at most, seriously glowed down. It is against this backdrop that this study undertakes an analysis of the performance of the mass media in the development of the Niger Delta region. Employing the survey research method, the researcher generated data using the questionnaire and in-depth interview. The study found among other things that, mass media agencies are mostly located in the cities where majority of the people who are rural dwellers cannot have access to; participate and contribute to development issues through the media. On the other hand, the mass media in the region are constrained in their performance by a wide range of factors, one of which is multi-lingual differences. In view of this, the researcher recommended among other things that, the mass media in the Niger Delta region should be more thorough, pragmatic and development-oriented in their programmes and coverage around the region.
Female Genital Mutilation as Rites of Passage into Motherhood and its Implication for Social Work Practice in Nigeria: A Discussion of Abot Kingdom of Delta State
Female Genital Mutilation as Rites of Passage into Motherhood and its Implication for Social Work Practice in Nigeria: A Discussion of Abot Kingdom of Delta State
