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A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF PRESIDENT GOODLUCK JONATHAN’S SPEECHES DURING NIGERIA’S INDEPENDENCE DAY CELEBRATIONS
This research is on discourse analysis of the Independence Day speeches of President Goodluck Jonathan during the celebration of Nigeria’s Independence in 2012, 2013 and 2014. It studies the structure of these speeches, the ideologies of the President reflected through them, their information strength and their contemporary relevance. The work adopts Grice’s co-operative principles, which incorporate the maxims of quantity, quality, relation and manner, for analysing its data. The study observes that the Independence Day speeches of President Goodluck Jonathan are structured into five sections, which include greetings and introduction of the occasion; incorporating every Nigerian as contributing to Nigeria’s history and current status; highlighting the achievements made, the challenges facing Nigeria and efforts being made to handle them; messages of hope and promises and call for collective responsibility; conclusion with compliments. It observes that these five sections fulfil the co-operative maxim of quantity but have some statements which do not fulfil the maxims of quality, relation and manner. The ideological analysis shows that the President gradually realised the extent of his power and autonomy. He prefers collective responsibility of the nation’s affairs. The speeches are contemporarily relevant during their delivery. Finally, the research observes that the speech in 2014 is more informative than that of 2012 and 2013. The research recommends the use of discourse analysis for the President for analysing and assessing his speeches before delivery and that Nigerians should pay attention to the Independence Day speeches in order to take adequate advantage of the information in them.This research is on discourse analysis of the Independence Day speeches of President Goodluck Jonathan during the celebration of Nigeria’s Independence in 2012, 2013 and 2014. It studies the structure of these speeches, the ideologies of the President reflected through them, their information strength and their contemporary relevance. The work adopts Grice’s co-operative principles, which incorporate the maxims of quantity, quality, relation and manner, for analysing its data. The study observes that the Independence Day speeches of President Goodluck Jonathan are structured into five sections, which include greetings and introduction of the occasion; incorporating every Nigerian as contributing to Nigeria’s history and current status; highlighting the achievements made, the challenges facing Nigeria and efforts being made to handle them; messages of hope and promises and call for collective responsibility; conclusion with compliments. It observes that these five sections fulfil the co-operative maxim of quantity but have some statements which do not fulfil the maxims of quality, relation and manner. The ideological analysis shows that the President gradually realised the extent of his power and autonomy. He prefers collective responsibility of the nation’s affairs. The speeches are contemporarily relevant during their delivery. Finally, the research observes that the speech in 2014 is more informative than that of 2012 and 2013. The research recommends the use of discourse analysis for the President for analysing and assessing his speeches before delivery and that Nigerians should pay attention to the Independence Day speeches in order to take adequate advantage of the information in them.
HIATUS RESOLUTION STRATEGIES IN TIV
A study of hiatus as a concept shows that many languages of the world disprefer hiatus. While some completely avoid it, some devise strategies for resolving it where it is cited. Hiatus which is a phonological phenomenon whereby two different vowels occur in a juxtaposition withouty an intervening consonant has different repair strategies which include vowel assimilation, vowel elision, epenthesis and diphthong formation. Different languages use different strategies in resolving hiatus to suit the nature of their grammars.hile some use just one of the strategies, some use a few while others may use all of those strategies. Potential vowel hiatus in the Tiv language is resolved by a number of strategies just like other languages of the world This study dwells chiefly on establishing the occurence of hiatus in the Tiv language as well as identifying the hiatus resolution strategies as are applicable in the language. The hiatus resolution strategies in the language which are vowel assimilation, vowel elision and diphthong formation are identified via a number of words that make up the data obtained. The analysis of the data is couched in one of the most current models of phonology – Optimality Theory whose emergence has brought about enormous changes in the theoretical trend of phonological subfield and other areas of Linguistics generally. A study of hiatus as a concept shows that many languages of the world disprefer hiatus. While some completely avoid it, some devise strategies for resolving it where it is cited. Hiatus which is a phonological phenomenon whereby two different vowels occur in a juxtaposition withouty an intervening consonant has different repair strategies which include vowel assimilation, vowel elision, epenthesis and diphthong formation. Different languages use different strategies in resolving hiatus to suit the nature of their grammars.hile some use just one of the strategies, some use a few while others may use all of those strategies. Potential vowel hiatus in the Tiv language is resolved by a number of strategies just like other languages of the world This study dwells chiefly on establishing the occurence of hiatus in the Tiv language as well as identifying the hiatus resolution strategies as are applicable in the language. The hiatus resolution strategies in the language which are vowel assimilation, vowel elision and diphthong formation are identified via a number of words that make up the data obtained. The analysis of the data is couched in one of the most current models of phonology – Optimality Theory whose emergence has brought about enormous changes in the theoretical trend of phonological subfield and other areas of Linguistics generally.
ARGUMENT STRUCTURE OF THE URHOBO VERB: A MINIMALIST APPROACH
This research work examines the argument structure of the Urhobo Verb: using the Minimalist Approach, the various types of argument and the manner in which they are introduced in a sentence were described. The basic assumption is that Urhobo language is a potentail source of input for the determination of the predicate argument structure. The specific objectives are: to classify Urhobo verbs into the number of arguments a verb can take, explore the role of valency, and transitivity in the predicate argument structure of Urhobo, as well as relate thematic functions to argument structure in the Urhobo language. A thorough literature was reviewed of languages whose materials were accessible at the time of this work. The method of data collection was categorized into two main sources: primary and secondary data. The primary data refers to the information that were obtained using, oral interview, the secondary source refers to documented information obtained from library, internet, and other published materials. Finally, we discover that functional arguments are lexical items, which strictly subcategorize phrases in their syntactic environment. It was also a finding that Urhobo language is centered around the verbs, in most cases verbs are the basis for the expansion of Urhobo words, though nouns and adjectives and other word formation process contributes to the expansions of its vocabulary, words and sentencesThis research work examines the argument structure of the Urhobo Verb: using the Minimalist Approach, the various types of argument and the manner in which they are introduced in a sentence were described. The basic assumption is that Urhobo language is a potentail source of input for the determination of the predicate argument structure. The specific objectives are: to classify Urhobo verbs into the number of arguments a verb can take, explore the role of valency, and transitivity in the predicate argument structure of Urhobo, as well as relate thematic functions to argument structure in the Urhobo language. A thorough literature was reviewed of languages whose materials were accessible at the time of this work. The method of data collection was categorized into two main sources: primary and secondary data. The primary data refers to the information that were obtained using, oral interview, the secondary source refers to documented information obtained from library, internet, and other published materials. Finally, we discover that functional arguments are lexical items, which strictly subcategorize phrases in their syntactic environment. It was also a finding that Urhobo language is centered around the verbs, in most cases verbs are the basis for the expansion of Urhobo words, though nouns and adjectives and other word formation process contributes to the expansions of its vocabulary, words and sentences.
TRANSLATION OF I. U. NWADIKE’S ADAEZE INTO ENGLISH
This research work delves into translating Adaeze, an Igbo novel written by Inno Uzoma Nwadike into English. Today, there are lots of creative writings in indigenous languages which are yet to be translated into English. Certainly, some of the Igbo novels deserve to be made available in translation into English for wider readership. Thus, this work comprises of introductory part which gives the background of the study, statement, purpose of study, scope of the study and significance of the study. This is followed by the review of related literature, translation into target language, analysis of the work and finally summary which comprises findings, conclusion, recommendation and references.This research work delves into translating Adaeze, an Igbo novel written by Inno Uzoma Nwadike into English. Today, there are lots of creative writings in indigenous languages which are yet to be translated into English. Certainly, some of the Igbo novels deserve to be made available in translation into English for wider readership. Thus, this work comprises of introductory part which gives the background of the study, statement, purpose of study, scope of the study and significance of the study. This is followed by the review of related literature, translation into target language, analysis of the work and finally summary which comprises findings, conclusion, recommendation and references.
MMEMXBARA N’IGBO
Mmemxbara bx otu n’ime isi okwu xtq asxsx Igbo. D[ ka asxsx nd[ mba qzq, Igbo nwegas[r[ xzq d[ iche iche e si egosi otu ihe na ihe kar[r[ otu. Nchqcha a lebara anya na mmemxbara d[ ka o si metxta usoro okwu Igbo. Mbunuche nchqcha a bx ileba anya n’agwara mmemxbara na mkpqolu n’Igbo; xzq mmemxbara d[ iche iche n’Igbo; o lebakwara anya na mmemxbara nnqrq onwe na ndabe, qrx xda olu na mmemxbara, na mmemxbara na ngwaa Igbo. Nchqcha a gbasoro atxtx xtq asxsx izugbe nke Noam Chomsky wepxtara n’afq 1981. Atxtx odee ji me nkqwa ya gbara qhxrx ma webata nsiri hx d[ mma maka [hxta na [kqwa mmemxbara. Odee chqpxtara n’enwegh[ ike [ma okwu d[ n’xbara n’usoro okwu Igbo site n’qd[d[ ya. Q chqpxtara na e nwere xzq mmemxbara d[ iche iche nke gxnyere, xmx, nnqchi xbara, nnqchi nkqwa, qmxmx okwu ejima, nkqwa aha mkpokqta, qnx qgxgx xbara, ga, ntx d[ iche iche dg. Q chqpxtakwara na qtxtx xzq d[ iche iche Igbo si eme xbara dabara na mmemxbara nnqrq onwe belu sq otu (nu). Q chqpxtakwara na o nweghi mgbakwxnye q bxla a na-etinye n’aha iji gosipxta xbara n’Igbo. Q chqpxtara na q nweghi qrx xda olu na-arx iji gosipxta xbara n’Igbo. Q chqpxtara na e nwere qtxtx ngwaa na-egosi xbara n’Igbo nke gxnyere, kpo, wu, chi, jupxta, nqchisi dg. Aro odee bx ka nd[ na-esote n’ime nchqcha gbalisie ike were atxtx qhxrx qzq e nwere kqwamie isi okwu a kar[a.Mmemxbara bx otu n’ime isi okwu xtq asxsx Igbo. D[ ka asxsx nd[ mba qzq, Igbo nwegas[r[ xzq d[ iche iche e si egosi otu ihe na ihe kar[r[ otu. Nchqcha a lebara anya na mmemxbara d[ ka o si metxta usoro okwu Igbo. Mbunuche nchqcha a bx ileba anya n’agwara mmemxbara na mkpqolu n’Igbo; xzq mmemxbara d[ iche iche n’Igbo; o lebakwara anya na mmemxbara nnqrq onwe na ndabe, qrx xda olu na mmemxbara, na mmemxbara na ngwaa Igbo. Nchqcha a gbasoro atxtx xtq asxsx izugbe nke Noam Chomsky wepxtara n’afq 1981. Atxtx odee ji me nkqwa ya gbara qhxrx ma webata nsiri hx d[ mma maka [hxta na [kqwa mmemxbara. Odee chqpxtara n’enwegh[ ike [ma okwu d[ n’xbara n’usoro okwu Igbo site n’qd[d[ ya. Q chqpxtara na e nwere xzq mmemxbara d[ iche iche nke gxnyere, xmx, nnqchi xbara, nnqchi nkqwa, qmxmx okwu ejima, nkqwa aha mkpokqta, qnx qgxgx xbara, ga, ntx d[ iche iche dg. Q chqpxtakwara na qtxtx xzq d[ iche iche Igbo si eme xbara dabara na mmemxbara nnqrq onwe belu sq otu (nu). Q chqpxtakwara na o nweghi mgbakwxnye q bxla a na-etinye n’aha iji gosipxta xbara n’Igbo. Q chqpxtara na q nweghi qrx xda olu na-arx iji gosipxta xbara n’Igbo. Q chqpxtara na e nwere qtxtx ngwaa na-egosi xbara n’Igbo nke gxnyere, kpo, wu, chi, jupxta, nqchisi dg. Aro odee bx ka nd[ na-esote n’ime nchqcha gbalisie ike were atxtx qhxrx qzq e nwere kqwamie isi okwu a kar[a.
A SOCIOLINGUISTIC STUDY OF POLITENESS EXPRESSION IN IGBO: A CASE STUDY OF ERQ XLQ SPEECH COMMUNITY
The main thrust of this study is to identify the politeness expression and strategies used in Erq xlq speech community. The study examines the concept of politeness. It discusses politeness expression strategies as they occur in Erq xlq speech community. It explains the various ways of expressing politeness in Erq xlq speech community.
It finally highlights the sociolinguistic implications of adopting politeness strategies during speech in Erq xlq speech community.
The main thrust of this study is to identify the politeness expression and strategies used in Erq xlq speech community. The study examines the concept of politeness. It discusses politeness expression strategies as they occur in Erq xlq speech community. It explains the various ways of expressing politeness in Erq xlq speech community.
It finally highlights the sociolinguistic implications of adopting politeness strategies during speech in Erq xlq speech community.
CODES OF COMMUNICATION: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC STUDY OF ÁZụ́ọ́FŪ IN NOMEH COMMUNITY
This research work analyses codes of communication, with focus on Ázụ́ọ́fū as a verbal code of communication in Nomeh speech community. The work looks at codes, media of communication in Nomeh speech community, how Ázụ́ọ́fū is learnt, rules of interaction and interpretation of Ázụ́ọ́fū. This research was carried out because Ázụ́ọ́fū as a code of communication in Nomeh speech community has received little or no attention and lacks proper documentation. The research is carried out by the use of structured and unstructured interview, observation, and with the use of tape recorder. It adopts the theoretical framework of ethnography of communication which is used to analyse the data. The findings reveal that the primary communicative function of Ázụ́ọ́fū is secrecy. From our findings we also see that codes of this nature face endangerment as a result of so many factors such as poor documentation. The research work recommends that studies of this nature should be encouraged by the government as this can attract investors and serve as a means of generating revenue and contributing to knowledge.This research work analyses codes of communication, with focus on Ázụ́ọ́fū as a verbal code of communication in Nomeh speech community. The work looks at codes, media of communication in Nomeh speech community, how Ázụ́ọ́fū is learnt, rules of interaction and interpretation of Ázụ́ọ́fū. This research was carried out because Ázụ́ọ́fū as a code of communication in Nomeh speech community has received little or no attention and lacks proper documentation. The research is carried out by the use of structured and unstructured interview, observation, and with the use of tape recorder. It adopts the theoretical framework of ethnography of communication which is used to analyse the data. The findings reveal that the primary communicative function of Ázụ́ọ́fū is secrecy. From our findings we also see that codes of this nature face endangerment as a result of so many factors such as poor documentation. The research work recommends that studies of this nature should be encouraged by the government as this can attract investors and serve as a means of generating revenue and contributing to knowledge.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CLEFT FORMATION IN THE SYNTAX OF NSUKKA AND STANDARD IGBO
This research work is a linguistic endeavour aimed at exploring the grammatical components and structures of cleft sentences of the standard Igbo language in general on the one hand. On the other hand and forming the specific objective, is relating cleft formations and cleft structures of the Nsukka dialect with those of the standard Igbo. Consequently, the work unprecedented formulated, analyzed, compared and contrasted the cleft structures of the language and dialect under study. The study was guide by the theory of transformational grammar.
The findings from the study show that cleft formation in standard Igbo language and in Nsukka dialect is a focussing mechanism on a particular constituent of a sentence. The focussing emphasises the constituent element through the operation of the S NP INFL VP rule, a concept of transformational grammar. In both the language and dialect under study, cleft structures have special elements that introduce the focussed constituents. The focussing indicator may be nominal, adjectival, adverbial or prepositional; and clefting is possible in all the kinds of sentences. However, the clefting heads are not present in some cases in the Nsukka dialect. In other cases where the clefting heads occur they occur next to the constituent of focuses and not before the constituents like in the standard Igbo. Conclusively, the clefts in syntax and meanings of sentences of the Nsukka dialect compares tremendously with that of the standard Igbo.
This research work is a linguistic endeavour aimed at exploring the grammatical components and structures of cleft sentences of the standard Igbo language in general on the one hand. On the other hand and forming the specific objective, is relating cleft formations and cleft structures of the Nsukka dialect with those of the standard Igbo. Consequently, the work unprecedented formulated, analyzed, compared and contrasted the cleft structures of the language and dialect under study. The study was guide by the theory of transformational grammar.
The findings from the study show that cleft formation in standard Igbo language and in Nsukka dialect is a focussing mechanism on a particular constituent of a sentence. The focussing emphasises the constituent element through the operation of the S NP INFL VP rule, a concept of transformational grammar. In both the language and dialect under study, cleft structures have special elements that introduce the focussed constituents. The focussing indicator may be nominal, adjectival, adverbial or prepositional; and clefting is possible in all the kinds of sentences. However, the clefting heads are not present in some cases in the Nsukka dialect. In other cases where the clefting heads occur they occur next to the constituent of focuses and not before the constituents like in the standard Igbo. Conclusively, the clefts in syntax and meanings of sentences of the Nsukka dialect compares tremendously with that of the standard Igbo.
IGBO PLAYS FOR SOCIAL ADVOCACY: THE STUDY OF OBIDIYA AND UDO KA MMA.
This study examines the concept of social advocacy and the forms of advocacy employed by two and contemporary Igbo playwright Akoma and Chukwezi in Obidiya and Udo ka Mma these plays are known to have been nurtured under very harsh economic, moral and political condition to extra-try the contemporary attitude of local chiefs. The research methodology should be based on the Marxist approach which is the theory of Kari Max (1818-83) favouring state control of production and a society without a class structure . The Marxist approach to literature and art conceives of authentic literature as that which is able to showcase the plight of the masses. This study examines the concept of social advocacy and the forms of advocacy employed by two and contemporary Igbo playwright Akoma and Chukwezi in Obidiya and Udo ka Mma these plays are known to have been nurtured under very harsh economic, moral and political condition to extra-try the contemporary attitude of local chiefs. The research methodology should be based on the Marxist approach which is the theory of Kari Max (1818-83) favouring state control of production and a society without a class structure . The Marxist approach to literature and art conceives of authentic literature as that which is able to showcase the plight of the masses.
CATTLE TRADE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF MAIGATARI ECONOMY IN JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA, 1960-2010
This study examines cattle trade and its place in the development of Maigatari economy in Jigawa state, Nigeria between 1960-2010.It is an important variable in the country’s development equation. It is a trade dominated by Nigerians and Nigeriens including a proportion of the local people. Then government through the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources with the support of non-governmental organization such as Directory of International Development (DFID) has been concerned with upgrading the sector as well as the contribution of the trade to the economic development of the community. Government efforts have been focused on balancing the protein requirements of its citizens to achieve an acceptable human growth. This has failed due to inadequate consideration given to the cattle trade. This study recuperates the unsung history of cattle trade and highlights its proper place in the economic development of Maigatari community and Nigeria in general. Important aspects of Maigatari economy, especially cattle production and its spread effects to other sectors in the economy are brought into focus. Relying on the fieldwork data, derived from oral Interview and written data elicited from libraries and other stakeholders in the cattle sector, the study evaluates the impact of the trade on the economy and people of Maigatari. The research shows that an increase in cattle production created a good atmosphere for cattle trade. Also the cattle trade has been a source of income and nutritional products. In spite of all these benefits, cattle trade is faced with problems such as farmer/grazier conflicts, harassment on the road, and lack of funds on the part of the cattle rearers, insecurity, and lack of education. Based on the available data from the fieldwork, the work presents suggestions on how government and other agencies could come together to foster sustainable development in the cattle trade not only in Maigatari but also in Nigeria at large. The method of research applied of quantitative as well as qualitative, chronological and inter- disciplinary thematic with 1960-2010 as the time frame.This study examines cattle trade and its place in the development of Maigatari economy in Jigawa state, Nigeria between 1960-2010.It is an important variable in the country’s development equation. It is a trade dominated by Nigerians and Nigeriens including a proportion of the local people. Then government through the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources with the support of non-governmental organization such as Directory of International Development (DFID) has been concerned with upgrading the sector as well as the contribution of the trade to the economic development of the community. Government efforts have been focused on balancing the protein requirements of its citizens to achieve an acceptable human growth. This has failed due to inadequate consideration given to the cattle trade. This study recuperates the unsung history of cattle trade and highlights its proper place in the economic development of Maigatari community and Nigeria in general. Important aspects of Maigatari economy, especially cattle production and its spread effects to other sectors in the economy are brought into focus. Relying on the fieldwork data, derived from oral Interview and written data elicited from libraries and other stakeholders in the cattle sector, the study evaluates the impact of the trade on the economy and people of Maigatari. The research shows that an increase in cattle production created a good atmosphere for cattle trade. Also the cattle trade has been a source of income and nutritional products. In spite of all these benefits, cattle trade is faced with problems such as farmer/grazier conflicts, harassment on the road, and lack of funds on the part of the cattle rearers, insecurity, and lack of education. Based on the available data from the fieldwork, the work presents suggestions on how government and other agencies could come together to foster sustainable development in the cattle trade not only in Maigatari but also in Nigeria at large. The method of research applied of quantitative as well as qualitative, chronological and inter- disciplinary thematic with 1960-2010 as the time frame.
Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Transformation of the Academy in African: The Culpip Model
In recent years, calls for transformation of the academy, especially the university
system, in Africa have grown so loud and persistent that they can no longer be
simply ignored. Factors accentuating such calls include the worsening socioeconomic
conditions in Africa ; concerns about the suitability of the Western
system of education to solve Africa's problems; and the emergence of
postmodernism perspectives which recognizes and promotes alternative
methods of knowing, of knowledge creation and utilization.
.The proposed transformation of the academy entails the Africanization of
university-generated 'culture products' which include ideas, knowledge --
whether local (indigenous) or foreign (imported), values, symbols, social
technology, machine technology, and information technology. This is achieved
through the Culture Product lndigenization Process ( CuIPIP) whereby
certain elements of African indigenous knowledge system are fused with those of
foreign (Western) knowledge systems to create new local culture products.
Protecting the Informal Seed Grain Sector From Emerging Genetic Technologies A Comment
This article emphasizes on Protecting the Informal Seed Grain Sector From Emerging Genetic Technologies A Comment
CATTLE TRADE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF MAIGATARI ECONOMY IN JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA, 1960-2010
This study examines cattle trade and its place in the development of Maigatari economy in Jigawa state, Nigeria between 1960-2010.It is an important variable in the country’s development equation. It is a trade dominated by Nigerians and Nigeriens including a proportion of the local people. Then government through the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources with the support of non-governmental organization such as Directory of International Development (DFID) has been concerned with upgrading the sector as well as the contribution of the trade to the economic development of the community. Government efforts have been focused on balancing the protein requirements of its citizens to achieve an acceptable human growth. This has failed due to inadequate consideration given to the cattle trade. This study recuperates the unsung history of cattle trade and highlights its proper place in the economic development of Maigatari community and Nigeria in general. Important aspects of Maigatari economy, especially cattle production and its spread effects to other sectors in the economy are brought into focus. Relying on the fieldwork data, derived from oral Interview and written data elicited from libraries and other stakeholders in the cattle sector, the study evaluates the impact of the trade on the economy and people of Maigatari. The research shows that an increase in cattle production created a good atmosphere for cattle trade. Also the cattle trade has been a source of income and nutritional products. In spite of all these benefits, cattle trade is faced with problems such as farmer/grazier conflicts, harassment on the road, and lack of funds on the part of the cattle rearers, insecurity, and lack of education. Based on the available data from the fieldwork, the work presents suggestions on how government and other agencies could come together to foster sustainable development in the cattle trade not only in Maigatari but also in Nigeria at large. The method of research applied of quantitative as well as qualitative, chronological and inter- disciplinary thematic with 1960-2010 as the time frame.This study examines cattle trade and its place in the development of Maigatari economy in Jigawa state, Nigeria between 1960-2010.It is an important variable in the country’s development equation. It is a trade dominated by Nigerians and Nigeriens including a proportion of the local people. Then government through the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources with the support of non-governmental organization such as Directory of International Development (DFID) has been concerned with upgrading the sector as well as the contribution of the trade to the economic development of the community. Government efforts have been focused on balancing the protein requirements of its citizens to achieve an acceptable human growth. This has failed due to inadequate consideration given to the cattle trade. This study recuperates the unsung history of cattle trade and highlights its proper place in the economic development of Maigatari community and Nigeria in general. Important aspects of Maigatari economy, especially cattle production and its spread effects to other sectors in the economy are brought into focus. Relying on the fieldwork data, derived from oral Interview and written data elicited from libraries and other stakeholders in the cattle sector, the study evaluates the impact of the trade on the economy and people of Maigatari. The research shows that an increase in cattle production created a good atmosphere for cattle trade. Also the cattle trade has been a source of income and nutritional products. In spite of all these benefits, cattle trade is faced with problems such as farmer/grazier conflicts, harassment on the road, and lack of funds on the part of the cattle rearers, insecurity, and lack of education. Based on the available data from the fieldwork, the work presents suggestions on how government and other agencies could come together to foster sustainable development in the cattle trade not only in Maigatari but also in Nigeria at large. The method of research applied of quantitative as well as qualitative, chronological and inter- disciplinary thematic with 1960-2010 as the time frame.
ASPECTS OF THE ECONOMIC REFORMS OF OLUSEGUN OBASANJO’S ADMINISTRATION, 1999-2007
The significance of good governance in any given nation cannot be underestimated. Therefore, the essence of governance is to ensure the development of every sector of the national entity. To this end, every emerging and successive government formulates policies in order to reform the political, economic, cultural and social structures. Irrespective of reformed policies, they are primarily intended to ensure the uplift of the societies in all ramifications-education, health, transportation, etc. Hence, considering the significance and how vital reform policies are made, they attempt to meet the needs and aspirations of the people of a particular country as instituted by existing government.The significance of good governance in any given nation cannot be underestimated. Therefore, the essence of governance is to ensure the development of every sector of the national entity. To this end, every emerging and successive government formulates policies in order to reform the political, economic, cultural and social structures. Irrespective of reformed policies, they are primarily intended to ensure the uplift of the societies in all ramifications-education, health, transportation, etc. Hence, considering the significance and how vital reform policies are made, they attempt to meet the needs and aspirations of the people of a particular country as instituted by existing government.
Socio-Cultural Factors Determining the Acceptability and Use of Condoms in Nigerian
Socio-Cultural Factors Determining the
Acceptability and Use of Condoms in
Nigerian
